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Nylon defstan vs ballistic nylon reddit. They are both weatherproof materials and durable.
Nylon defstan vs ballistic nylon reddit. hardshell carry-on (i. B&R Baseline) vs. 1680D Cordura Ballistic Nylon is tougher than the 1000D Cordura. Available in Marathon Signature Ballistic Nylon, Seatbelt-Weave Nylon, and Leather. Nylon is a synthetic fabric made from the chemical extrusion of polyamides. 1680D only comes in black. Stuart & Lau Single Briefcase Concerns: Similar to S&P, seems Tumi has some of the best, longest-lasting nylon bags I've ever used. The big thing with Tumi is that they really really like ballistic nylon and I admit they are pretty damn good w/ it but ballistic nylon weighs a ton. 1050 denier ballistic nylon weighs 15 ounces per yard and it has a very good resistance to chemicals. Now I have a Navigator that came with it and the quality is decent but not stellar. My main question is whether I should shell out the extra for Xpac? In terms of bags, I have a Vertigo and a Muzetto, and tons of pouches and sleevecases, along with exotica like a case designed specifically for the cylinder Mac Pro. Jul 24, 2024 · Explore what makes ballistic nylon special and why it’s the go-to material for tactical gear. It's sleek without being techy and doesn't pick up pet hair. Every "Waterproof" messenger bag I've ever owned used a combo of the ballistic with an additional waterproof liner to make sure. In fact, I'd like to personally invest in more of their luggage as it is lightweight, durable and looks great. But with so many variations on the market, how do you choose the right nylon band for your watch? In this guide, we’ll break down the differences between one-piece and two-piece nylon straps, explore key style considerations, and explain why Panatime's premium ballistic nylon bands are the clear standout. Canvas is better than nylon when it comes to tear resistance, but tends to not stand up as well to abrasion as nylon does. Ballistic Nylon Straps - See in this collection: Ballistic Nylon Strap, Black, 22mm, Ballistic Nylon Strap, Desert Tan, 22mm, Ballistic Nylon Strap, Sage Green, Explore o que torna o nylon balístico especial e porque é que é o material de eleição para equipamento tático. Anyway, hope that helps! Aug 25, 2023 · Ballistic nylon is a type of material that often finds use in tactical wear and equipment. CORDURA has higher abrasion resistance, while ballistic nylon has higher tear resistance. I like the waterproof-ness of X-pac and appreciate the technicality of the fabric but am worried about stiffness of the fabric. Anyone care to share their experience with either material? The 525D Ballistic that they is use is just such nice material. 1000D Cordura can be bought in different colors. Generally, this guide will refer to plain old nylon, but nylon can be strengthened even more to create Cordura Nylon, Rip-Stop Nylon, and Ballistic Nylon. The one I am reviewing is the reference WW194013SS-0103 which is equipped with the fancier 20mm wide black ballistic nylon DEFSTAN (Defence Standard) strap which has matching Marathon hardware and is apparently the military-preferred strap. If you buy from a link, we may earn a commission. are top notch, + above and beyond design complexity, I have complete confidence in the quality and durability of their ballistic nylon. What is 1680 ballistic fabric? May 6, 2024 · Properties of Tactical Nylon Fabrics The following features make ballistic nylon ideal for use in settings where durability and resilience are paramount: Abrasion Resistance Tactical nylon fabrics are constructed with tightly woven fibers and often incorporate robust weaves or coatings that enhance their ability to withstand abrasion. Stainless steel hardware, engraved square buckle, and sizes 16mm, 18mm, 20mm and 22mm ensure a secure fit. This is a thick and durable nylon that was originally designed by DuPont for military apparel during WW2. What are the community's opinions on the two? Other types of nylon comes in a wide range from 30D/1. There is a big price difference between the two, and I'm wondering whether it's worth shelling out for the all leather. It's the skin off a dead animal and the processing relies on strong chemicals which somewhat cancel out the biodegradability. Industrial designer Janis Lacey shares insights on these two tough fabrics Apr 21, 2023 · New: The Steel Navigator w/ Date (SSNAV-D) Housed in a 41mm 316L parkerized stainless steel case, the SSNAV-D is debuting in two versions: on a black nylon “DEFSTAN” strap ($830), and on a black nylon ballistic strap ($800), the latter of which is available in both 11” and 12” lengths. The X-PAC is going to be $50 more. Any suggestions? If this isn’t the right place, please let me know and I’ll remove this post. COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless SteelOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches) WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm Jun 17, 2025 · What makes Kevlar superior to ballistic nylon in protection and durability? Discover the key differences before choosing your next fabric. I appreciate the offer but, I’ll pass on the sale. COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless SteelHARDWARE FINISH: Brushed OVERALL LENGTH: 318mm (12. Which is why you're only seeing "ballistic" on military styled bags. In three weeks time, they will give us the option to choose between the ballistic nylon and X pack. Aug 20, 2017 · Ballistic — Once in awhile you’ll also see nylon that is termed “ballistic nylon”. I have an Aer City Sling in X-pac They do say in their FAQ page that the difference is negligible, but I wanted to know what people who've used both thought in terms of weight, durability, feel, water resistance, ease of cleaning, etc. Thanks everyone Question about Xpac / Cordura / Ballistic Nylon in hot weather (I live in AZ) I am looking for a new backpack (got a shitty Razer backpack a couple years ago and it’s falling apart) and want to get something that will last me for EDC. And whereas 70D nylon is often used for tent floors or hammocks, the thicker 210D, 420D, 600D, and 1000D types are strong enough to be used for parachutes, sails, jackets, and backpacks. Ballistic Nylon Another important consideration when choosing between Cordura and Ballistic Nylon is weight and comfort. I recommend the Voyager collection. Based on my research I found that canvas would be the cheaper choice, and Cordura would be the durable How terrible really is 1680D Ballistic Nylon? So I am wanting to get this Prvke 21 as a photography bag and it looks like the base of the bag and the rear portion is made out of "Robic 1680D Ballistic Nylon". Evergoods CPL24 Ecopak vs 840d ballistic nylon Hello, had hard thoughts what backpack should I pick - CPL24 vs CTB26. Thanks. Ballistic nylon was used by the military in the past for body armor, but that was replaced when kevlar was developed. I'm looking at a particular travel bag (carry on size) that has all the features that I want, and it comes in either nylon with leather handles, or all leather. Thanks! Discover DEFSTAN Nylon Straps: Mil-spec nylon for unwavering durability. I have both a backpack and luggage from them and both have held up beautifully. Thank you for your comment, u/happy_hour_shots. Nylon fabric can be found in 15d but thats usually hosiery/leggings/underwear materials. I think it boils down to if you live in an area where a sudden deluge of water is a common occurrence, go with the XPAC. I would like to share also here because I saw this question quite often so I hope it will help someone. I don’t use my MPL very often. If my understanding is correct, it's considered ballistic nylon if it uses a 2x2 or 2x3 basketweave on a dense nylon fiber (like 1050D). What is it? How’s it rated? Why is it so good? Let’s find out. This bag seems like my holy grail but fabric choice. It also looks great as a material for pretty much any style of bag. I had a lightweight Samsonite grey backpack that visibly COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless SteelHARDWARE FINISH: Brushed OVERALL LENGTH: 318mm (12. Does anyone know the denier of the fabric? Currently have a choice between Slings in 1000D Ballistic nylon or X-Pac VX42, and I'm curious how the 1000D Nylon would compare to the fabric of the Tumi backpack in feel and function. I've bought leather bags from local artisans and I don't see a huge Ballistic nylon is a specific type of fabric with a multifilament high tenacity/ 2X2 basket weave. I really like the design of the Aer Tech Pack, but, I’ve heard bad things about the durability of 1680d nylon. At 1680, ballistic nylon is woven from a larger yarn of material rather than two plies of 1050D. Cordura Nylon has more of a natural appearance to it, and is more common in high-end performance nylon fabrics. Nylon Defence Standard Straps - See in this collection: Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Black, 20mm, Nylon DEFSTAN Strap with Anthracite Hardware, Black, 20mm, Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Apr 18, 2020 · Is 1050d ballistic nylon the strongest? Compared to its counterpart polyester, the double wave 1050 denier ballistic nylon has been proven to be the strongest and most durable fabric for its denier weight level. It feels more 'organic I currently use the city pack in the regular Cordura Ballistic Nylon as my EDC as I prefer my pack to not be bulky. It just has a really high quality feel, without feeling like some ridiculously overdone thing. But, those are two different materials. It’s going to be holding my MacBook Air, iPad Pro, AirPods Max, etc. Most people just use the more precise trade names for it, unless they want to sound particularly tactical. Mar 26, 2024 · Thicker nylon fabrics like those made from 70D and upwards are sturdy and can be made more waterproof with the right surface treatment. Anyone have experience with leather vs nylon for travel/bags? TIA. Apr 21, 2023 · Marathon currently offers three different versions of the SSNAV-D Navigator watch. VX21 has a higher price due to the material's laminated construction. VX21 offers marginally lighter weight and better tear resistance. Conheça as suas características, dicas de manutenção e muito mais. Very good quality stuff, although I am not that fond of their current generation designs in waxed canvas rather than ballistic nylon. It showcases stainless steel hardware, including a robust engraved square buckle, ensuring strength. With excess moisture, nylon should be more durable. COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless SteelOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm Which is your preferred backpack material and why? I mistakenly got a TNF backpack in nylon when I wanted to get a polyester one, now I'm wondering whether I should return/reorder it. The original specification for ballistic nylon was an 18 ounce nylon fabric made from 1050 denier high tenacity nylon yarn in a 2×2 basketweave. Aer 1680d nylon vs. Highly regarded for its durability & abrasion resistance. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. May 8, 2023 · Having a deeper understanding of the gear you trust is what separates a professional shooter from the amateurs, so today, we’re taking an in-depth look at tactical gear’s favorite fabric: Ballistic nylon. com. First Reddit post! Ok so I am debating whether to pull the trigger on the standard Aer City Sling or wait for the X-Pac to restock. I have both the ballistic nylon and DEFSTAN straps. Compatible with Marathon watches and other brands There had been a study regarding creation of cheaper ballistic vests, where it was found possible to replace the rear layers of Kevlar with some cheaper material such as nylon, without incurring significant weight gain or increased backface trauma. 9oz ripstop used for tarps, tents, ponchos, drybags all the way to 1680D Ballistic nylon. Jul 10, 2024 · At the upper echelon of Marathon’s Navigator series are a trio of models in steel cases outfitted with Swiss-made Sellita self-winding calibers. Black, Sage Green, and Desert Tan colors complement military timepieces. It's got years and years of real world data showing how burly and durable it is. Looking for something that balances formal and casual well. But what do you really know about it? Is “ballistic nylon” simply a marketing term, or is it indicative of its true function? May 8, 2023 · Some people are not sure what ballistic nylon is, let alone, where it originated from and why we might want to own some for ourselves. The compass is perfectly comfortable on the wrist. I am leaning towards the cordura as I value durability and smooth zippers over weight and waterproofness. Weight and Comfort: Cordura vs. The halcyon bends and sags (though it doesn’t stretch) and folds over onto itself unless the bag is packed full. I have an option of ballistic nylon, or pay $30 more and get an X-Pac VX21 instead. I finally solved that dilemma and decided to go to CPL. It's basically a lighter version of that heavy / stiff 1050 ballistic that you see on the "mil-spec" types of bags. Ballistic nylon was developed by the DuPont corporation as a material for flak jackets for World War II airmen. The indicies of the Maraglo don’t glow as much or as consistently as the Tritium models, though. (Please delete post if this violates the sub's rules) I need durable fabric that will last, and something where the threads won't come out and get fuzzy. I have a lot of older messenger bags in ballistic, but my more recent purchases in these two materials have been cordura. Dec 10, 2023 · Every product is carefully selected by our editors. I find Marathons price for their nylon NATOs to be a tid steep considering I can get better quality ones aftermarket and installed for a third of the price. I have about ten NATOs all 20mm for my other watches. These DEFSTAN nylon straps can be used with all Marathon wrist watches and with other brands. But meanwhile EG dropped new version of CPL - Ecopak, and new dilemma started. Now I'm no bag nerd but I do know that it's nowhere near as tough as 1050D and usually appears on lower priced bags. Original replacement strap for instruments using nylon straps from 16mm, 20mm, and 22mm wide. It's honestly as tough as the ballistic nylon and looks better all the time. Constructed of military spec nylon with 316L stainless steel hardware including substantial engraved square buckle. 1000D/500D Cordura is next. 5 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 16,18,20,22mm Question - what exactly is Ecopak? Is it Evergoods’ version of xpac? Similar performance, durability and weatherproofing? Anyone with experience with it? Can’t decide if I want to pay the extra $70 for it vs the 840d. . Marathon Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Black, 20mm Price: $30 (shipping included, CONUS only) Condition: Brand New Please pm me with any questions you have, thank you. Good luck! Reply Jun 22, 2025 · Explore my firsthand comparison of X-Pac vs. I am looking for the most abrasion resistant material and am having a hard time finding out which of these materials is actually the most abrasion resistant. It's the first time I'm considering buying a serious backpack I'm doing some research and came across ballistic nylon and Cordura what are the differences? From the perspective of greater waterproofing, what is better? Which fabric holds up best over time? which do you prefer? Can someone explain why Evergoods uses 420d High Tenacity Nylon on some of their bags but mostly use 840 ballistic? Is it mostly weight? I am asking because I bought a CTB20 (waiting for it to arrive) and just wonder about durability. Ballistic nylon Marathon products are manufactured with the utmost care and go through various quality control measures. Can’t beat the value of the ballistic nylon one piece. The ballistic nylon holds its shape better, even when empty. If blushark would make a two piece nylon strap in 18mm I would be all over it. 1050D Ballistic Nylon is pound of pound my favourite fabric of all time. Nylon vs. Learn more Crown & Buckle has made aftermarket leather and NATO straps for years, but the Supreme is their take on the high-end “seatbelt-style” NATO strap. Today the term is often used to refer to any nylon fabric that is made with a "ballistic weave", typically a 2×2 or 2×3 basketweave. I love the rough, rugged look of the standard 1680d Cordura ballistic nylon, but I also love the idea of the waterproof nature of the X-Pac material and the other small added upgrades. Posted by u/CordurAddict - No votes and no comments The main difference is that VX21 material has an "X" texture pattern on a 21 degree bias while the ballistic nylon offers a flat texture. For example, I was shopping for winter socks today and saw that some are made up of as much as 4-5 different fabrics other than cotton/wool (40% polyacryl, 40% wool, 18% polyamide, 2% elastan), yet I have no idea whether that's good or bad. Hardshell Carry-Ons Need to get a new carry-on and debating between a ballistic nylon (i. A quality nylon bag will likely look worn faster than a quality canvas bag, but it should remain servicable for a comparable amount of time, all things being equal. No issues there. Alpaca recently finished the kickstarter for a 35L backpack. The option I have chosen to go with is the Tom Bihn Synik 30 but I cannot choose between X-pac and Ballistic nylon. The production, even in Italy, relies on cheap labour and workers have lost body parts through unsafe practices. Your description has been copied below. Tumi was investigating carbon fiber fiber and titanium fiber alternative material but I think that was before they got bought or maybe they now have stuff using newer material (I will have to look Seeing that they proudly list their Nylon and webbing as Mil Spec, and their leather, zips, buckles, etc. Greetings all, I'm about to have custom gym duffle bags made in Pakistan and need few information about fabrics before I start negotiating. CORDURA® TRUELOCK™, MIL-SPEC NYLON Hi all, I am attempting to sew some knee pads into my UF PRO pants. So for example instead of 20 layers of Kevlar it was 14 layers of Kevlar and 10 layers of nylon. Which one should I choose? I have no experience with either material. I’m not familiar with which would be best. Nylon DEFSTAN Straps - See in this collection: Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Black, 22mm, Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Desert Tan, 22mm, Nylon DEFSTAN Strap, Sage Green, Ballistic nylon is a thick, tough, nylon fabric with several uses. Marathon ~ Best in the Long Run. If you will be using it day to day, I believe the 1680D Cordura Brand Ballistic Nylon is the superior choice. One-piece straps have the fabric threaded under the face of the watch while two-piece straps connect on either side of the face. COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless Steel HARDWARE FINISH: ParkerizedOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm Upgrade your timepiece with the 20mm Black Nylon DEFSTAN Strap with Anthracite Hardware. Satchel & Page Aviator Brief Concerns: Can't find any reviews on this bag, also looks a bit heavy. Both are fine, but I would think that the ballistic nylon ones would be less fussy to deal with. I carry a lot of tech. Aug 17, 2020 · Discover DEFSTAN Nylon Straps: Mil-spec nylon for unwavering durability. There are a ton of options - you can go nylon, cordura (nylon), ballistic nylon, polyester, cotton canvas (waxed or not), and then specialized materials like xpac, dyneema, etc. The Nylon DEFSTAN strap boasts mil-spec nylon for exceptional durability. Plastics have come along a bit since then. As I am deciding between fabrics, it got me curious about Tumi's "FXT" Ballistic Nylon. So I'm betting that unlined waxed cotton vs unlined ballistic is basically 6 in one, half a dozen in the other. I like the finish and hand of cordura vs ballistic, and it seems to not get so messed up by velcro rubbing it over time. This attention to quality is supported by a commitment to excellent customer support to ensure the best possible product experience. They are known for their quality - I wouldn't think twice about buying from them. Tom Bihn 1050d nylon. I am big overthinker, I know it and it is my curse. I really like the look of the heather gray 700D better, but does the black 1680D ballistic nylon have any significant advantages to make up for it? Hi, one manybagger asked for photos to see difference between Ecopak and Balistic Nylon, so I uploaded some photos and short video. Made from mil-spec nylon, this durable strap features Anthracite hardware, including an engraved square buckle, for a sophisticated touch. Dec 24, 2019 · Ballistic nylon made of “filament” yards which are smooth and slick while CORDURA are texturized, which makes them slightly fuzzy like natural fiber. Help with material selection: CORDURA® BALLISTIC NYLON vs. The Supreme’s tight, thick nylon Discover DEFSTAN Nylon Straps: Mil-spec nylon for unwavering durability. Thank you in advance. Our nylon watch bands have been favored for over a decade and are available in a variety of vibrant colors and stylish designs. 22mm, 20mm, 18mm, 16mm. 1oz- 70D/1. 5 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 22mm The Nylon DEFSTAN strap boasts mil-spec nylon for exceptional durability. I think specifically with belts and wallets, leather lends itself to be far more aesthetically pleasing and fashionable while remaining pretty durable. I just read about the british mk 6 helmet and how it`s made of ballistic nylon and also how the manufacturer (according to wikipedia) claims an indefinite lifetime. 500D vs 1050D Wondering about people’s preferences between these two fabric types and why you prefer one over the other. Now if AER did a 1050D Cordura branded BN that would be the sweet spot I'm looking for advice buying a briefcase. Can you guys help out from that situation? I like leather well enough but I don't see it as being a super valuable premium material. Military Grade Stainless Steel 316L Tooled Buckle and Hardware - WW005025DT-18 (18 mm, Desert Tan) and other Watches at Amazon. Learn its characteristics, care tips, and more. e. They are both weatherproof materials and durable. Women were fighting over nylon stockings. I think the halcyon looks nice too— however, the ballistic nylon is firmer. This type of material frequently frays in areas of high wear as opposed to 1050D. I haven't seen anywhere else that uses the same material. Easy to clean and built to last, it guarantees long-lasting performance. Looking at these two fabrics for le petite derriere. Used to EDC and travel with 500D and 1000D Cordura bags, then tried X-Pac and 1680D ballistic nylon. Aug 27, 2024 · Ballistic Nylon is resistant to tears and punctures, making it an excellent choice for products that may be exposed to rough conditions. Compatible with Marathon watches and other brands COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless Steel HARDWARE FINISH: ParkerizedOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm Feb 16, 2018 · Buy Marathon Nylon Defence Standard Watch Strap. Used for navigator, general purpose wrist watches, and wrist compass. Tumi Vapor). With sizes 16mm to 22mm and three colors (Black, Sage Green, Desert Tan), it offers versatility. You probably own multiple products that are made out of ballistic nylon, or incorporate it in some way. General Purpose 34mm Field Quartz & Mechanical (GPQ/GPM) Nylon watch straps come in either one-piece or two—the main difference being how they’re worn. BUT! I'm not crazy about the shiny sheen of the X-Pac model, and more COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard Strap (DEFSTAN) STRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless SteelHARDWARE FINISH: AnthraciteOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm So the "ballistic" part of nylon is from World War Two jargon, when it was a new material used in flak jackets. I've found that X-Pac bags are much easier to clean (and less likely to even need cleaning) and keep their shape when not fully packed out better than nylon. Anyone have a description or some experience with the nylon and how the bag would be different compared to the ballistic option? I am unfamiliar with it. Apr 2, 2019 · 1680D – At 1680, the nylon is considered “ballistic” because it literally was first used to line aircraft and body armor to deflect bullets or fragmentation. ballistic nylon, covering durability, weight, water resistance, and pros/cons to help you choose the best fabric for your backpack or gear in 2025. It's just nearly indestructible and very low maintenance. The 41mm Parkerized steel cases on these three-hand-date models are available on straps made of rubber, Ballistic Nylon, or Nylon DEFSTAN. Aug 9, 2017 · Ballistic Nylon vs CORDURAa subject area that can be tricky to navigate. Discover DEFSTAN Nylon Straps: Mil-spec nylon for unwavering durability. Polyacryl, polyamide, elastan, polyester, acryl, nylon, the list goes on. However, I have read many reddit posts about cordura ballistic nylon being highly abrasive (mainly on goruck 1000D bags) and that it eats away at clothing when it comes in contact COLLOQUIAL NAME: Nylon Defence Standard (DEFSTAN) StrapSTRAP MATERIAL: Ballistic NylonHARDWARE MATERIAL: 316L Stainless Steel HARDWARE FINISH: ParkerizedOVERALL LENGTH: 305mm (12 inches)WATCH LUG WIDTH: 20mm Waxed canvas will develop a bit of a patina over time. The 3 that I have in mind so far: Filson Original Briefcase Concerns: A little less formal than the other bags, looks heavy as well. For context, I live in the tropics where there is a lot of sunlight daily and I read that nylon is stronger+lighter but more susceptible to UV degradation. Which would you recommend? Cordura or x-pac? Water resistance and weight aren't big priorities for me but durability and a more professional look are. Jan 12, 2023 · We offer the finest single piece and traditional two piece ballistic nylon military watch straps that are ultra-strong, rigorously tested and built to last. Easy-to-clean design, perfect for military life. I have always wanted to try one-bagging but never had a suitable bag but my workplace is purchasing for me a backpack. Any performance differences on a bag will be marginal. Which synthetic fabrics should one avoid, and which fabrics are useful for Hi all, first post here. Hello, I'm trying to decide whether to buy the AER TP3 1680D cordura or XPAC (for the purposes of travelling). Our wide selection is eligible for free shipping and free returns. lqyosbkzwswyqjpclwwlihtnvolpelylkvsdsyqhzkdwcxxwpevybjofg